The high level of confidence of the population in the banks corresponds to a greater receipt of credit resources, which provides greater supply for economic growth. And finally, disappointment in the stability of the banking system will lead to a change in the liquidity of the banking sector, which will lead to crises in the country’s economy.
The banking business faces us ahead of the valuation and financial risks. The evidence of the economic crises of the twentieth century indicates that the unjustified commercial risk of banks and their bankruptcy causes a Lanzugian reaction, which expands on bank depositors and causes illegal nationalization. lead to the world's economic crisis. Therefore, to minimize such negative consequences, it is necessary to guarantee financial security in the banking sector. In Ukraine, the Personal Deposit Guarantee Fund has been operating since 1998.
Today, it operates on the grounds established by the Law of Ukraine dated 23 February 2012 N 4452-VI “On the system of guaranteeing deposits of individuals” (with changes and additions), and the size The guaranteed amount of payment is 200 thousand hryvnia.
The fund is financed for the return of funds from banks, the share of which is obligatory, and is owned by the state. The Bank acquires the status of a participant in the Fund on the day of the withdrawal of its banking license and the requirement to pay fees to the Fund. The culprit is the Sovereign Oschadny Bank, the remainder of the return to depositors is guaranteed by the Order for the distribution of funds to the Sovereign budget for the amount of the entire deposit.
After the economic crisis of 2008, more and more Ukrainians, who saved their money in bank deposits, quickly became “services” to the Fund. The largest amount of payments made by the Fund during the period 2009-2010 was over 3,3 billion UAH, including in 2010 – 2,3 billion UAH. However, the bankruptcy of banks did not lead to panic and a massive outflow of funds from deposits. The population's trust in the banking system was saved.
Data about the contributions of physical persons to participants in the Foundation for 2007-2013
However, the financial realities of today place completely different pressures on the Fund, even as depositors began to panicky withdraw their money from banks. During the period from today to the beginning of 2014, the total volume of personal deposits reached UAH 47,9 billion and $8,2 billion, and the amount of personal deposits guaranteed by the Fund decreased by UAH 31 billion. The number of participants in the Fund, which is required to obtain a banking license, changed from 01/01/2014 to 01/12/2014 by 12 – from 178 to 165.
Tributes about the contributions of physical persons to the participants of the Foundation in 2014
We provide information, on the one hand, about the change in financial obligations to the Fund, and on the other, about the great number of financial challenges that the Fund faces in front of depositors of bankrupt banks. The Fund's obligation to compensate depositors of Brokbusinessbank, Forum Bank and Mercury Bank will amount to more than UAH 7 billion, and at the same time all the assets of the Fund will be allocated as of June 1, 2014.
In the first quarter of 2014, the Fund paid UAH 3,204.9 million in guaranteed payments to depositors of 17 banks (in the first quarter – UAH 4,5 million and in the other quarter – UAH 3,204.9 million). To be clear, I would like to point out that for the entire 2013 year, the Fund allocated UAH 1,158.9 million. Also, the financial challenges to the Fund can be met by a snow avalanche, and the situation in the banking sector of the country due to the domino effect with untransferable inheritances, as well as the financial challenges to the Fund It is important to change the size of your assets. In fact, the Fund is bankrupt, and its payment capacity is promoted in the most important way for Ukraine in this regard - through the work of the Drukarsky verstat.
An even worse and already critical situation is caused by the introduction from the market of such banking institutions as PJSC CB UFS, PJSC CB Aktiv-Bank, PJSC Aktabank, AT CB Expobank, Bank Demark, JSB Porto-Franco, PJSC "Prime-Bank", PJSC "CB "Aksioma", PJSC "Intercreditbank", PJSC "Melior Bank", the total amount of funds guaranteed by the Fund will be over 4 billion UAH.
Fuel was added to the fire of November 21 and 27 leaf fall of 2014 to the fate of the NBU due to non-payment of the two largest banks with deposit portfolios of physical persons (over 11 billion UAH) of banks - VAB (PJSC "VIEBYBank") and CityCommerceBank (PJSC "Miskiy") Commercial Bank"), as well as Legbank, BG Bank and All-Ukrainian Bank Rozvitka with a loan portfolio of over 2 billion UAH.
Thus, the obligation of the Fund to provide payments to depositors within the guaranteed amount of withdrawal could potentially increase by at least another 17 billion UAH, which is publicly announced around vysokoposadovtsi ta, zagalom, stanovitime bіlya 30 billion UAH.
Statement by the intercessor of the late director of the Fund A. Olenchik about the donation of 10 billion UAH by the National Bank of Ukraine to the Fund for the payment of payments to depositors for the next time about those who have their duty to depositors. Koshtiv. Vin predicts: “By the end of the year, another 10 banks may go bankrupt. 2015 will be no less fun.”
Also, everyone confirms that the Government and the NBU will not deprive the bankrupt Fund of its problems and will continue to capitalize it for billions of hryvnias, for the sake of the Fund’s restoration of the main function - payment of the guaranteed amount to depositors of non-paying banks. I want the hryvnia paid by the Fund to lead to an inevitable increase in the penny stock in the country and to a rapid depreciation of the national currency, knowing that such terms will be avoided in today’s realities. Guaranteeing physical investments is an outpost of mental and social peace of mind. One can no longer detect the legacy of the social vibration that may arise from the “explosion” Foundation.
The financial position of the Fund is critical. It is understood that a number of objective officials (the annexation of the AR of Crimea, the military conflict at Skhod) may have a negative impact on the financial development of the region. Prote, it is necessary to say that for the entire hour of its existence, the Fund regularly received “live” funds from participating banks, which were accumulated in billions of hryvnias.
All these billions of hryvnias the Fund invested in sovereign securities - bonds of domestic sovereign positions. In other words, the state took everything accumulated by the Kostya Fund (98,9% of the total as of 01/01/2014) in a short time, for which it pays a hundred thousand. It is clear that investment activity is an active tool for the capitalization of the Fund's assets; however, assessing the results of such activity at this time, the results may be foreign. Moreover, the liquidity of valuable papers guaranteed by a power that is at risk of default is approaching zero. So, unless the country buys up its valuable paper, in today’s realities it will inevitably lead to an additional penny mass of the country.
Thus, all payments that are made by the Fund at the present time are “costs from the wind”, as the NBU in whose society is “vibrating” due to the need to close the doors in the budget.
It is obvious that at times the Fund’s investment of its assets in liquid currency securities, which are backed by sovereign guarantees, on the international financial market, the financial situation of the Fund will be of little value. Looks like there would be significant changes in the inflation risk.
In order to increase investment instruments and diversify inflation risks, changes should be made to the legislation of Ukraine and give the right to the Fund to engage in investment activities for international financial market. In this case, it is important to minimize the manifestations of corruption associated with the unlawful withdrawal of bank assets, for which the NBU must clearly improve the function of banking visibility and strengthen Responsibility for illegal activities of other persons involved.
Andriy Andrushchenko
Fakhіvets in the field of audit and audit, GO "Public Audit"
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